Room and pillar mining method pdf files

It is commonly classified as an openstoping method, meaning that development involves mining out underground cavities while leaving the. Selecting the best mining method among many alternatives is a multicriteria decision making problem. The calculation methods used gave excellent results. Mining methods the phenomenal rise in coal production, nearly sixfold in the past three decades, necessitated rapid but judicious mechanization of mining methods. Mechanisms, instability, and trends room and pillar mining of hard rock mining methodology and description. Underground mining methods presents the latest principles and techniques in use today. In 2006, approximately 58 percent of the coal produced at underground mining operations used the room and pillar method with continuous mining equipment. Room and pillar is an underground mining method that has applications to a wide variety of hardrock deposits worldwide. Roadway backfill method to prevent geo hazards induced by. Room and pillar mining may also be known as bord and pillar mining in some areas. Room and pillar mining is typically chosen for flatlying or at slightly dipping ore bodies.

Commonly used for base metal or uranium metal deposits, or bedded seams of coalpotashsalt, mining is done by creating openings rooms on a single level, leaving pillars of rock at regular intervals to support the weight of the material above the. Both methods are well suited to extracting the relatively flat coalbeds or coal seams typical of. The first, and most generally used in the earlier years of coal mining, was the room or bord and pillar method of extraction and the second is the longwall method, which was used in the collieries of cape breton most recently. Many factors need to be taken into consideration when designing a salt mine using the room and pillar method. Room and pillar mining method newtrax technologies inc. In room and pillar mining a series of parallel drifts are driven, with connections made between these drifts at regular intervals. Roomandpillar mining method has a low recovery rate a large percentage of ore remains in place underground. The room and pillar mining method is used extensively in underground limestone mines in the eastern and midwestern u. In many room and pillar mines, the pillars are taken out starting at the farthest point from.

While opencast operations are now fully mechanized employing large capacity earth moving equipment, introduction of machinery in underground workings has been gradual. Coal mining world coal association room and pillar mining method,surface mining accounts for around 80% of production in australia. The oldest of the basic underground methods, roomandpillar mining grew naturally out of the need to recover more coal as mining operations became deeper. Of the unsupported methods, roomandpillar mining is employed for extraction of flatdipping and tabular deposits, whereas shrinkage and sublevel stoping are applied to. To do this, rooms of ore are dug out while pillars of untouched material are left to support the roof overburden. The viscoelastic creep properties of salt cause many. Bordand pillar mining is used in first workings of a deposit, and when irregularly shaped deposits, or sensitive environmental conditions, call for a lighter touch. Figure 5 shows five inplace stone stoppings running parallel to the mining direction. This method of mining has proven to be more efficient than room and pillar mining, with a recovery rate of nearly 75 percent, but the equipment is more expensive than conventional room and pillar equipment, and cannot be used in all geologic circumstances. Development of continuous mining loading, developed in association with roomandpillar mining. Room and pillar mining an overview sciencedirect topics.

All our equipment is designed to work seamlessly together as a system, providing the. These layouts were then evaluated according to dilution, produc tivity, cost implications, profit and mining flexibility and the most suitable layout was chosen. Section and plan views of room and pillar mining method if one pillar fails and surrounding pillars are unable to support the area previously supported by the failed pillar they may in turn fail. Throughout history, miners have used a random room and pillar mining strategy to extract minerals from the earth.

In this system a series of parallel drifts are driven, with connections made between these drifts at regular intervals. His operating experience includes narrow vein gold mining at giant mine near yellowknife, a room and pillar and bulk mining zinccopper operation at myra falls on vancouver island, sublevel caving, open stopping and remnant mining at the nickelcopper sudbury basin with vale and caving and vcr methods at the debeers kimberley diamond mines in. Most popular underground mining method in us for noncoal operations can be adapted to dipping seams pitch mining or very thick seams bench mining usually, conventional production cycle is used. Performance of pillars in rock salt mines by linda i hein lau. Applicability of bord and pillar method the bord and pillar method is adopted for working. In some mines, both room and pillar and longwall mining methods may be used based on the nature of the coal seams. Parametric stability analysis of room and pillar method in deep coal. Pillar the columns of rock that are left to support the ceiling in room and pillar mining raise a vertical or inclined opening from one level of a mine that is driven toward the level above ramp inclined tunnels used to transport ore or machinery room the open areas left open by blasting in room and pillar mining. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link. Ramps inclined tunnels are excavated to connect the surface to the underground orebody.

The pilot project of the mining room and pillar method with stable pillars in a shaft safety pillar of. Of the unsupported methods, roomandpillar mining is employed for extraction of flatdipping and tabular deposits, whereas shrinkage and sublevel stoping are applied to vertical or steeply inclined ore bodies. Pdf room and pillar design and construction for underground. Reflecting the international and diverse nature of the industry, a series of mining case studies is presented covering the commodity range from iron ore to diamonds extracted by operations located in all corners of the world.

This study also helps exemplify the potential opportunity for achieving high production rates in very poor rock conditions when it is feasible to use the post pillar mining method. At the developing mine in clay city, indiana, coal is close to the surface and will require surface mining. Acknowledgments jeff fields, senior engineer jim sublett, senior sourcing specialist gai consultants, project designer bob turka, senior project manager mining history at the white river mine mined in the 1920s and 1930s using the room and pillar method no evidence of retreat or split pillar mining mine was flooded to this day the pillars are. General mine design considerations underground mining methods and applications general planning of the noncoal underground mine planning the underground mine on the basis of mining method cost estimating for underground mines mineral and metal prices. The other principal method of modern mining, longwall mining, had been introduced as early as the 17th century and had found general use by the 19th century, but it had long been less productive than room and pillar mining. Pdf coal mining methods underground mining longwall.

In mining practices, the pillar width to pillar height ratios are designed to be 1. It can reduce the waste of coal resources and also protect the surface structures. As mining continues, roof bolts are placed in the ceiling to prevent ceiling collapse. Optimization of roomandpillar dimensions using automated. Air leakage associated with the stoppings can drastically reduce the overall effectiveness of a ventilation system in any mine. Mine size effects on coal pillar stress and their application. Room and pillar method 3d cad model library grabcad. Roomandpillar mining method has a low recovery rate a large percentage of ore. This can be better understand with the help of follwing fig. Room and pillar is also known as bord and pillar is a mining system in which the mined material is taken out across a horizontal plane while leaving pillars of unscathed material to support the overstrain leaving open regions or rooms underground. These mines have large vertical heights where the mined.

Toward pillar design to prevent collapse of roomand. The conventional calculation formulas and conditional thickness methods were used to determine the room and pillar mining system parameters, which guarantee a longterm stability. Room and pillar variant of breast stoping, is a mining system in which the mined material is extracted across a horizontal plane, creating horizontal arrays of rooms and pillars. Coal 4 south mine, a shallow underground room and pillar mine with a massive. The joy room and pillarentry development product suite is extremely robust, including continuous miners, entry development equipment, haulage systems, feeder breakers, bolters, and loaders. Room and pillar entry development underground mining. In many room and pillar mines, the pillars are tak en out starting at the farthest. Definition of room and pillar mining a system of extracting coal by driving a series of openings referred to as entries entries are connected to each other by driving cuts commonly referred to as crosscuts remaining coal blocks, referred to as pillars, support the overlying strata. In room and pillar mining, the coal seam is mined in a checkerboard style leaving pillars of coal to support the roof which allows for instant coal access with a relatively low invest compared to long wall mining, however, only utilizes the coal reserves between 50 and 75 percent. Bord and pillar method of mining is one of the oldest methods. The rock mass is typically a nearhorizontal, bedded deposit at relatively shallow depth. Mining method selection by integrated ahp and promethee. The key to the successful bord and pillar mining is selecting the optimum pillar.

Coal mining, kentucky geological survey, university of. When it comes to underground mining, there are different ways to approach removing coal, depending its structure and location. Roomandpillar mining the most common mining system is roomandpillar. Hardrock room and pillar mining best practice industry. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the implementation of an integrated approach that employs ahp and promethee together for selecting the most suitable mining method for the coka marin underground mine in serbia. More modern room and pillar mines use a more continuous method, that uses machinery. At the current carlisle mine and developing bulldog mine, sunrise coal is using the room and pillar mining method. The coal pillar and the mining width are designed using the room and pillar mining method, and the optimum panel size is determined by the longwall panel layoutlongwall panel layout with local shortwall mining. Workers would simply mine in certain areas and leave other areas. The methods are 1 room and pillar and 2 high extraction. Room and pillar variant of breast stoping, is a mining system in which the mined material is. Each cad and any associated text, image or data is in no way sponsored by or affiliated with any company, organization or realworld item, product, or good it may purport to portray.